Fluid compressor



July 24, 19:44.- N. IHERZMARK' 1,967,935

FLUID COMPRESSOR Filed Nov. 6, 1955 3Shee ts Sheet 1 I; my];

INVENTOR. Nico/as Herzmar/t A7TORNEY8 July 24, 1934. N. HERZMARK FLUID COMPRESSOR Filed NOV. 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 MENTOR. I Nl co/as Herzma/"A' 1 AYTORNEYS July 24, 1934. HERZMARK 1,967,935

FLUID COMPRESSOR Filed Nov. 6-, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 l/VVE VTOR.

BY mcw rswiz ATTORNEYS Patented July 24, 1934 1 UNITED sures FLUID COMPRESSOR Nicolas Remark, Paris, France Application 14 Claim.

v to cool the low-pressure cylinder by means of a forced blast. Another object to supply the lowpressure cylinder of the compressor with fluid under forced pressure. A further object is to supply the forced blast by means of a blower or fan mounted on the compressor casing and operstiv'ely rotated by the crankshaft of the compressor. Other objects will hereinafter appear. In the following description, the invention is described with reference to the annexed drawings, in which: a

Fig. l is an elevation, part section, of a vertical, two-stage compressor for fluids showing the blower mounted on the side of the compressor casing and directly driven by the crt. Fig. 2 is a view to Fig. l but at right angles to the latter. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the compremor showing the housing removed from the blower. Fig. 4 is a diagram indicating the ement of an'intermediate gearing between the blower and the crankshaft. Fig. 5 is a plan view of Fig. 3.

The casing l. of the compressor is provided with a craaft 2 having a orankpin 3 and mounted in suitable-boa 4, 4 in the said casing. This salt is rotated in any suitable .manner. The-casing l is provided with an upper ribbed portion in and with a lower ribbed port:-

tion it.

rmthe crank pin 3, l have shown mounted a cross-head frame 5 5 by means of a bush r die 6 with sliding engagement, said cross-head frame travelling in guiding contact with the inner walls 7 of the casing l. 'Il'iis-cross-head frame here comprises an uppermember 5 and a lower member 5 secured thereto as by the studs 51:. The piston 8 of the low-pressure cylinder 9 located inside the casing, is made integral with the upper member 5 and reciprocates in the cylinder 9 the latter being formed as a liner in theupper casing la. As shown, piston 8 has a stem 8 flanged at to, said flange being bolted to the member 5. A space forming an air-jacket 10 is left between the upper portion 1a of the casing and the exterior of the cylinder 9. This upper portion la thus forms an external wall surrounding cylinder 9. The piston. 8 moves up and down in its cylinder 9 by reason of the rotation of the crankshaft 2 and its pins, the bush 8 moving transversely of the frame 5-5.

By means of this sliding-die engagement with the crank pin 8, and the travel of the outer walls of the frame 5 5 in the guiding inner walls 7, '7, the reciprocating movemcntsxof the piston 8 in its cylinder 9 are steadied.

The cylinder 9 is shown provided in its head 9b with an unloader valve 11 and with an outlet November 8, 1933, Serial No. 698,875 Great Britain October 29, 1932 valve 12 leading to pipe 13 outside the casing 1. The spring 11 bears on the collar-fitted stem 11b of valve 11 and normally holds valve 11 on its seat 11a, and the outlet valve 12 is shown as a ball valve, the lift of which hell can be limited by a screw 12a.

The cross-head frame 5, 5 is also provided integrally with a dependent piston 14 working in a fixed cylinder 15 upstanding from the base of the casing and extending into the portion 11). The head or closed end of this cylinder is provided with an inlet valve 18 and an outlet valve 17. These valves 16 and 17 are fitted with springs 16a and 17a respectively to hold them on their seatings. The aforesaid external pipe 13 extends to below the inlet valve '16 and is connected therewith by passage 16 The outlet valve leads to. the pressure supply pipe 17 The bottom 1b of the casing is provided with a sump 10 for oil which surrounds the cylinder 15 for part of its height.

Air inlets 18, 18 are provided in the wall of the upper or low-pressure cylinder and so located that when the piston 8 uncovers these inlets, air can pass in to the space above the piston 8. These air inlets are supplied from the air jacket 10 which extends around the cylinder 9.

Air is supplied to this air-jacket 10 through .a transfer port or supply port 19 extending through the casing is and in counication with the discharge outlet from a rotary blower or fan.

In Fig. l, the hub 20 of the rotary blower 21 is directly mounted upon the crankshaft 2 so as to rotate therewith, the blower being encased in a housing 22 suitably secured as by bolts 23 to the compressor casing 1. This blower is shown as of the centrifugal type with an axial air inlet and a discharge outlet 2% which latter delivers a forced blast to the supply port or-transfor port 19 and so to the air=jacket 10. An outlet port 25 from the air-jacket through the upper part of the casing in leads to atmosphere. The

air under pressure from the blower outlet 24 is thus admitted through transfer port 19 to the air-jacket and after cooling the cylinder 9 escapes through the outlet port 25. This outlet port is with advantage diametrically in line with and remote from the transfer port 19 and it is prefwhen the inlet ports 18 are covered by piston 8, will circulate around the air-jacket 10 for the cylinder 9 and escape through the outlet 25.

Obviously two or more of these outlet ports 25 may be provided at intervals around the upper portion of casing 1a adjacent to the air-jacket 10.

By means of this air under pressure from the blower 21 directly operated from the crankshaft 2, the low-pressure cylinder 9 is most effectively cooled and, moreover, air can be forced under pressure into the interior of cylinder 9.

The air compressed in cylinder 9 is thereafter transferred through valve 12, pipe 13 and inlet valve 16 to the high-pressure cylinder 15 on the other side of the crankshaft 2, and after further a compression in that cylinder by piston 14, is disfor the'crankshait 2 recessed into. the housing 22,

and I have also'shown the hub 20 suitably secured upon the end of the crankshaft 2 by means of a disc 26 and a set screw 27.

In the modification of Fig. 4, an intermediateear is provided between the crankshaft 2 and the bladed fan. The hub 20 is here shown provided with arms 26 carrying toothed pinions 29 by means of screws 28 passing into said arms; these pinions are, for example, three in number and mesh with a single driving pinion 30 fixed upon the craft (so as to rotate therewith) and also with an internally toothed ring 31 secured to the housing 22 by means of screws 32. The rotation of the crankshaft 2 causes the blower to revolve but the speed of rotation of the blower will be less than that of the crankshaft. The blower housing is mounted on the compressor casing and operated by the rotating crankshaft, as in the previous example, but in an indirect manner.

An external pipe 34 extends from the passage 34 and pressure supply pipe 17 to above the stem 11?) of the cut-0d valve 11 by means of passage 35 in the casing, and passage 36 in tower if for the purpose which will now be described. The fluid compressed in this two-stage compressor passes from the supply-pipe 17 to a container 37 through a pipe 38. This container 37 is provided with a bath of oil indicated at 39 and the pipe '38 delivers to below the level of the oil. When the pressure in the container above the oil reaches a predetermined degree, oil is forced back along the pipe 38 to pipes 17 and 34, to passages 35 and 36 andto above the cut-ofi valve 11. This oil under pressure opens the valve 11 and allows the piston 8 to work idly, the air from cylinder 9 escaping, when the cut-out valve 11 is thus held open, through ports 40 to the atmosphere.

The proportions between the low-pressure cylinder-9 and the high-pressure cylinder 15 of this vertical two-stage compressor may be as desired but, for example, they may be as 5:2.

What, I claim is:--

1. In a vertical two-stage fluid compressor having low-pressure and high-pressure cylinders arranged respectively above and below a rotatable crankshaft jcurnaled in the casing ofthe compressor, the combination with an air-jacket provided between the exterior of the low-pressure vating means for said pistons, said actuating means cylinder and the casing of the compressor, of means for admitting air from said air-jacket to the interior of said low-pressure cylinder, of a supply port to said air-jacket and an outlet port from said air-jacket, and of means operated by said crankshaft for forcing air under pressure into said air-jacket by wayof said supply port, said means being mounted on the casing of said compressor.

2. In a vertical two-stage fluid compressor of the-character described, in combination, a casing for the compressor, a rotatable crankshaft journaled in said casing, valve fitted low pressure and high pressure cylinders arranged respectively above and below said rotatable crank-shaft, an air-jacket interposed between the exterior of said low pressure cylinder and said casing, inlet ports leading from said casing to the interior of said low pressure cylinder and connected together by said air-jacket, a transfer port leading from the external surface of said air-jacket to the space within said air-jacket, an outlet port leading from said air-jacket to the exterior of said low pressure cylinder, a piston in each of said cylinders, actubeing provided within said casing, and rotatable means operated by said crankshaft for forcing air under pressure into said air-jacket, said rotatable means being mounted on the exterior of said compressor.

3. In a vertical two-stage fluid compressor,

having low-pressure and high-pressure cylinders arranged respectively above and below a rotatable crankshaft, an air-jacket for said low-pressure cylinder, said air-jacket formed by a wall surrounding the low-pressure cylinder but spaced therefrom, a transfer port through said wall into the said air-jacket, an outlet port from said airjacket through said wall, and a rotary blower mounted on the compressor and operated by said crankshaft, said blower having a discharge outlet leading to said transfer port.

4. In a vertical two-stage air compressor of the type described, having low-pressure and highpressure cylinders arranged respectively above 12% and below a rotatable crankshaft mounted in the casing of the compressor, said low-pressure cylinder having air intake ports, the combination with a passage connecting said air intake ports and having also a transfer port, of a rotary blower mounted upon the compressor and operated by said crankshaft, said blower having an air discharge outlet communicating with said connecting passage through said transfer port.

5. In a vertical two-stage compressor of the type described, having a low-pressure cylinder arranged above a rotatable crankshaft mounted in the casing of the compressor, said low-pressure cylinder having air intake ports, the combination with a passage extending wholly around said lowpressure cylinder to form an air-jacket therefor and connecting'said air intake ports, of an outlet port from-said air-jacket and a transfer port leading to said air-jacket, and of a rotary blower mounted on said compressor and operated by said V also an outlet port, said outlet port being on the side of the low-pressure cylinder remote from said transfer port and at a level higher than said transfer port, of a rotary blower mounted upon the casing of the compressor and operated by said crankshaft, said blower having an air discharge outlet communicating with said connecting passage by way of said transfer port.

7. In a vertical two-stage air compressor of the character described and having valve-fitted low-pressure and high-pressure cylinders arranged respectively above and below a rotatable crankshaft journaled in the casing of the compressor, the combination with a passage connecting the air intake ports for the low-pressure cylinder, which passage extends around said lowpressure cylinder and has also an outlet port,

said outlet port being on the side of the lowpressure cylinder remote from said transfer port and at a level higher than said transfer port, of a rotary blower operated by said crankshaft, said blower having a-housing secured to the casing of the compressor and a hub secured to said crankshaft so as to rotate therewith, and said blower having its discharge outlet in direct communication with said transfer port.

'8. In a vertical two-stage air compressor of the character described and having low-pressure and high-pressure cylinders arranged respectively above and below a rotatablecrankshaft journaled in the casing of the compressor, the combination with an air-jacket formed around the low-pressure cylinder, of air intake ports for the low-pressure cylinder, said intake ports being supplied from said air-jacket and said air-jacket having also an outlet port on the side of the low-pressure cylinder remote from said transfer vport and at a level higher than said transfer port, of a hub-fitted rotary blower mounted coaxially with said crankshaft and operated by said crankshaft said blower having its discharge outlet in communication with said transfer port, and of gearing arranged between said blower and said rotatable crankshaft.

9. In a vertical two-stage air compressor of the character described, having low-pressure and high-pressure cylinders arranged relatively above and below a rotatable crankshaft joumaled in the casing of the compressor with air intake ports for the low-pressure cylinder, the combination with a passage connecting the said air intake ports and extending around said low-pressure cylinder to form an air-jacket therefor and having an outlet port on the side of the lowpressure cylinder remote from said transfer port and at a level higher than said transfer port, of a rotary blower having a housing secured to the casing of the compressor, said blower having its discharge outlet in communication with said transfer port, and of toothed gearing interposed between said blower andsaid rotatable crankshaft.

standing from the base of the casing, said dependent member cooperating with said station'-. ary member to form a high-pressure cylinder, an air-jacket between said low-pressure cylinder and said casing,-a transfer port through said casing and leading to said air-jacket, an outlet from said air-jacket, and a centrifugal blower driven by said crankshaft, said blower having a discharge outlet communicating with said air-jacket through said transfer port.

11. Ina vertical two-stage fluid compressor of the character described and having low-pressure and high-pressure cylinders arranged respectively above and below a rotatable crankshaft journaled in the casing of the compressor, the combination with an air-jacket provided between the exterior of the low-pressure cylinder and a wall forming part of the said casing, of inlet ports leading from the exterior surface of said casing to the interior of said low-pressure cylinder and connected together by said air-jacket, a transfer port leading from the external surface of said airjacket to the space within said air-jacket and an outlet port leading from said air-jacket to the exterior of saidcasing, guiding means for the pistons of said low-pressure and high-pressure cylinders, said guiding means being provided within the said casing, and rotatable means operated by said crankshaft for forcing air under pressure into said air-jacket, said rotatable means being mounted on the exterior of the said compressor.

12. In a two-stage fluid compressor having lowpressure and high-pressure cylinders arranged on either side of a rotatable crankshaft joumaled in the casing of the compressor, the combination with an air-jacket provided between the exterior of the low-pressure cylinder and the casing of the compressor, of means for admitting air from said air-jacket to the interior of said low-pressure cylinder, a supply port to said air-jacket and an outlet port from said air-jacket and means operated by said crankshaft for forcing air under pressure into said air-jacket by way of said supply port, said means being mounted on the casing of said compressor.

13. In a two-stage fluid compressor having lowpressure and high-pressure cylinders arranged on either side of a rotatable crankshaft journaled in the casing of the compressor, the combination with an air-jacket provided between the exterior of the low-pressure cylinder and the casing of the compressor, of means for admitting air from said air-jacket to the interior of said low-pressure cylinder, a supply port to said air-jacket, an

outlet port from said air-jacket, and means oper-.

ated by said crank shaft for forcing air under pressure into said air-jacket by way of said supply port. 1

14. In a two-stage fluid compressor having lowpressure and high-pressure cylinders arranged on either side of a rotatable crankshaft joumaled in the casing of the compressor, the combination with an air-jacket provided between the exterior of the low-pressure cylinder and the casing of the compressor, of means for admitting air from said air-jacket to the interior of said low-pressure cylinder, a supply port to said air-jacket, an outlet port from said air-jacket, and means operated by said crankshaft for forcing air under pressure into said air-jacket by way of said supply port,

said means further operating to force air under 1 pressure into the work chamber of the compressor.

NICOLAS HERZMARK. 

